Vapor-Pressure

Kelvin effect on the equilibrium vapor pressure over a curved cloud droplet surface — Seinfeld & Pandis (2006), Ch. 17. Computes the Kelvin length parameter A_K = 4 σ_w M_w / (R T ρ_w) and the Kelvin saturation ratio S_K = exp(A_K / D_p), the factor by which surface curvature enhances equilibrium vapor pressure over a small droplet relative to a flat surface. Used as the curvature term in the Köhler equation (Eq. 17.27). Migrated from Aerosol.jl CloudKelvinEffect.

Kelvin effect on the equilibrium vapor pressure over a curved droplet surface — Seinfeld & Pandis (2006), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2nd ed., Chapter 10. Computes the Kelvin saturation ratio S = p_A/p°_A (Eq. 10.86), the factor by which surface curvature enhances the equilibrium vapor pressure of a small droplet relative to a flat surface: S = exp(2 σ M / (R T ρ_l R_p)). The enhancement is significant for nanometre-scale droplets and decays toward unity as the droplet radius grows. Migrated from Aerosol.jl KelvinEffect.