Quasi-Laminar-Resistance

ModelingToolkit implementation of the quasi-laminar (boundary-layer) resistance to gaseous dry deposition from Seinfeld & Pandis (2006), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2nd ed., Chapter 19 (Dry Deposition), Eq. 19.17. The quasi-laminar resistance r_b [s/m] is the second of the three series resistances of the gas dry-deposition resistance model (r_a aerodynamic + r_b quasi-laminar + r_c surface) and represents molecular diffusion of the depositing gas across the thin, quasi-laminar sublayer of stagnant air in direct contact with the surface. It is computed as r_b = 5*Sc^(2/3)/u_star, where the Schmidt number Sc = nu/D_g is the ratio of the kinematic viscosity of air nu to the molecular diffusivity D_g of the gas, and u_star is the friction velocity. Slower-diffusing (higher-Sc) gases face a larger boundary-layer resistance, and stronger surface turbulence (higher u_star) thins the sublayer and lowers r_b. Migrated from AtmosphericDeposition.jl@e4468c79 src/seinfeld_pandis_ch19.jl:143 (`QuasiLaminarResistanceGas` @component). Algebraic (no time derivative) two-equation system: Sc and r_b are the algebraic outputs (the upstream component's computed @variables, migrated as type:state); nu and D_g are the input @parameters and u_star is the upstream input @variable (migrated as type:parameter -- it carries no defining equation and the upstream test suite compiles the component with u_star declared as an input).