Method-of-Lines

Full 1D Saint-Venant PDE system for surface overland flow: mass conservation ∂h̃/∂t = −∂q/∂l + (P − I) and momentum conservation ∂q/∂t = −∂F/∂l + g·h̃·(S₀ − Sᶠ), where the momentum flux F = q²/h̃ + g·h̃²/2 is an auxiliary (observed) PDE field. Migrated from EnvironmentalTransport.jl@a48559c4 src/surface_runoff.jl:117 (SaintVenantPDE builder). This is a DISCRETIZATION-AGNOSTIC leaf (esm-spec §9.7.10): the spatial fluxes are written with the rewrite-target spatial derivative op `D(·, wrt: l)` and the component imports NO discretization of its own, so it can be composed under different schemes. Its inline tests and examples inject a discretization (form C) — here the sibling adapter `saint_venant_upwind1_inflow.esm` (first-order upwind, per-variable inflow BC) — for that run only; the persisted leaf keeps its spatial `D` intact. The 1D spatial variable l is the along-slope coordinate; the sibling SurfaceRunoff component (surface_runoff_component.esm) is the single-node ODE reduction of this same PDE system with the spatial-divergence terms exposed as input parameters.