Lagrangian

Kantha-Clayson & Garratt boundary-layer turbulence parameterization for Lagrangian particle dispersion, as described in NOAA ARL-224 and the HYSPLIT documentation. Computes turbulent velocity standard deviations (sigmaw, sigma_u, sigma_v), Lagrangian vertical time scale (TL_v), Monin-Obukhov length (Lmo), and convective velocity scale (wstar) from surface-layer similarity theory; integrates stochastic Langevin equations for the turbulent velocity components (wprime, uprime_x, uprime_y) and the resulting Lagrangian particle position (lon, lat, lev). The upstream Julia source uses a single @brownians Bw term on all three velocity ODEs (gt-kuxo gap); this ESM migrates the deterministic drift equations only. Migrated from EnvironmentalTransport.jl@a48559c4114eb9f06668ecf9f06235aad20f63f0:src/BoundaryLayerMixingKC.jl:15.

Lagrangian puff transport model that advects a parcel of matter within a 3-D fluid velocity field defined by a DomainInfo coordinate system. The puff position in three coordinates (lev, x, y) evolves under prescribed velocity components (v_lev, v_x, v_y) scaled by coordinate transforms. Vertical boundaries (glo, ghi) are enforced via ifelse clamping of the vertical velocity with a small offset buffer: upward motion is blocked when lev > ghi−offset and downward motion when lev < glo+offset. Lateral domain boundaries trigger simulation termination (FunctionalAffect gap other:P2-C); the effective lateral boundary distance is set via grid_spacing×buffer_cells offsets from the domain edge (parameter gap other:P3-B). Migrated from EnvironmentalTransport.jl@a48559c4114eb9f06668ecf9f06235aad20f63f0 src/puff.jl:24.