Clark1996

Square of the convective Froude number (Eq. 1, Clark et al., 1996), a diagnostic of fire-atmosphere coupling strength: F_c^2 = (U - S_f)^2 / (g * (Δθ/θ̄) * W_f). Large F_c^2 indicates wind-dominated (weak coupling); small F_c^2 indicates buoyancy-dominated (strong coupling). Migrated from WildlandFire.jl@126976f2 src/clark1996.jl:253 (`Clark1996ConvectiveFroudeNumber` @component). Observed-only: U, S_f, delta_theta_over_theta, W_f are inputs (parameters); F_c_sq is an algebraic output.

Coupled atmosphere-fire model for a dry eucalyptus forest implementing the McArthur fire-spread formula and four-fuel-type consumption from Clark et al. (1996). Migrated from WildlandFire.jl@126976f2 src/clark1996.jl:81 (`Clark1996FireSpread` @component). Five ODE states (M_litter, M_trash, M_scrub, M_canopy, Q_cumulative) and seven algebraic state variables (B_ratio, S_f, canopy_burning, ground_burn_rate, total_burn_rate, F_s, F_l). The cumulative ground heat flux Q_cumulative drives an automatic canopy ignition threshold at 170 kJ/m^2 (p. 180, Clark et al. 1996); each ground fuel is gated by an ifelse against eps_fuel so consumption stops cleanly when the pool is depleted.

Vertical profile of fire-induced sensible (F_s) and latent (F_l) heat fluxes via the simple e-folding extinction-depth formulation of Clark et al. (1996), Eq. 10. F_s(z) = F_s_sfc * exp(-z/alpha_ext); F_l(z) = F_l_sfc * exp(-z/alpha_ext) with alpha_ext = 50 m. Migrated from WildlandFire.jl@126976f2 src/clark1996.jl:206 (`Clark1996HeatFluxProfile` @component). Observed-only: z, F_s_sfc, F_l_sfc are inputs (parameters); F_s, F_l are algebraic outputs.

Hyperbolic-tangent vertical wind profile used in the FR7CS1 experiment of Clark et al. (1996), Eq. 11. U(z) = 3 - 3*(1 + tanh((z - 500)/100)) m/s — gives U ≈ +3 m/s near the surface, reverses sign at z = 500 m, and is asymptotic to -3 m/s aloft. Migrated from WildlandFire.jl@126976f2 src/clark1996.jl:299 (`Clark1996WindProfile` @component). Observed-only: z is the input (parameter); U_z is an algebraic output.